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目標成本法 Target Costing
定義:
目標成本法是指以給定的競爭價格為基礎,從而決定產品的成本,以保證實現預期的利潤。目標成本法的核心工作是制定企業(yè)新產品的目標成本,并不斷改進產品與工序設計,從而確保新產品的成本小于或等于目標成本。
Target costing is an attempt to achieve an acceptable margin in a situation where the price of a product is determined externally by the market. This acceptable margin is achieved by identifying ways to reduce the costs of producing the product.
目標成本法的步驟:
1. 通過研究市場,確定產品的市場接受度,考慮市場份額;
Determine the price the market will accept for the product, based on market research. This may take into account the market share required.
2. 從價格中扣除必要的利潤率,以得到目標成本;
Deduct a required profit margin from this price—this gives the target cost.
3. 預估產品的實際成本。如果是一個新產品,預估成本將是一個估價;
Estimate the actual cost of the product. If it is a new product, this will be an estimate.
4. 設法縮小產品的實際成本和目標成本差距 。
Identify ways to narrow the gap between the actual cost of the product and the target cost.
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